Table 1 Microorganisms found in various fermented fish items documented in the literature

1

Pedah

Indonesia

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus [98]; Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus [99]

2

Jeotgal

Korea

Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Flavobacterium, Micrococcus, Pediococcus, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus, Halobacterium, Halomonas [66, 100]. Sarcina, Leuconostoc, Paenibacillus tyraminigenes, Bacillus subtilis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Pseudomonas halophilus, and Sarcinaitoralis [101]. Achromobacter, Corynebacterium, Micrococcus, Pediococcus, Alcaligenes, Aeromonas, and Moraxella [102], Salinivibrio, Staphylococcus, and Tetragenococcus/Halanaerobium [103]

3

Budu

Thailand and Malaysia

Lactobacillus plantarum LP1, LP2, Staphylococcus arlettae SA1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC3 and Candida glabrata CG2 [104] Acinetobacter sp., Flavobacterium sp., Cytophaga sp., Halobacterium sp., Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Corynebacterium sp; Lactobacillus sp and Staphylococcus sp. [105]

4

Nam-pla

Thailand

Micrococcus sp., Pediococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Halobacterium sp. (Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., Streptococcus sp.,Sarcina sp., [29]; Tetragenococcus halophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus sp. [106]; Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus licheniformis and B. megaterium [107]

5

Plaa-som

Thailand

Lactococcus garvieae, Weissella cibaria, Streptococcus bovis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus fermentum [108], Pediococcus cerevisiae, Lactobacillus brevis, Staphylococcus sp.,and Bacillus sp. [109]

6

Belacan

Malaysia

Bacillus, Pediococcus, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus, Sarcina, Clostridium, Brevibacterium, Flavobacterium, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Corynebacterium [40]

7

Pekasam

Malaysia

It was found that commercial pekasam is contaminated with Listeria ivanovii, L. innocua, L. seeligeri, L. welshimeri, and L. denitrificans due to the lack of proper handling [110]

8

Trasi (Shrimp paste)

Indonesia

Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Proteus were found to be present in trasi and Salmonella, Vibrio, E. Coli and Clostridium were absent [40]

9

Bekasam

Indonesia

Enterobacter, Micrococcus, Lactobacillus, Moraxella, Eriococcids., Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus [111]

10

Bagoong and Patis

Philippines

Bacillus sp., Pediococcus sp. Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum [112]

11

Balao-balao

Philippines

Leuconostoc mesenteroides, P. cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum [113]

12

Sikhae

Korea

Paenibacillus halophilus (in mixed fermentation), Micrococcus sp., Halobacterium sp., Halococcus sp., Bacillus sp. Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum [101]

13

Ngapi

Myanmar

Bacterial population found in Hmyin are Aeromonas liquefaciens, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus alvel, Bacillus badius, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus macerans, Bacillus pantothenticus, Bacillus stearothermophilus. Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium hoffmanni, Kurthia sp., Lactobacillus, streptobacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus epidermidis [58]; Tetragenococcus halophilus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Tetragenococcus muriaticus, Halanaerobium fermentans, Tetragenococcus muriaticus, Clostridium sensu, Clostridium botulinum, Halanaerobium fermentans [114]

14

Ngari

India

Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus[115] Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus and Bacillus species identified were Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pantothenticus. Streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus were also detected [116]

15

Hentak

India

Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus fructosus, Lactobacillus amylophilus, and Bacillus subtilis [115]

16

Tungtap

India

Bacillus pumilus, Micrococcus, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida, Saccharomycopsis, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus coryniformis, Lactobacillus puhozi, Lactobacillus fructosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus amylophilus

Bacillus subtilis [115]

17

Shidal

India and Bangladesh

Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus sp., Bacillus sp., E. Coli [117]

18

Shottsuru (Fish sauce)

Japan

Aerococcus viridans, Halobacterium sp., halotolerant and halophilic yeasts, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Bacillus in 2.5% NaCl and Halococcus, Halobacterium, Vibrionaceae and Streptococcus in 20% NaCl [118]