Table 1 Summarised nutritional information of selected IVs consumed in Ghana

Amaranth

3.8–4.5 [47, 53, 55]

0.33 [9, 47, 53, 55]

2.1–3.0 [53, 55]

1.4–10.4 [47, 53]

3.04.6 [53, 55]

72.9–90.3 [47, 53, 55, 56]

6.2–7.2 [53, 55]

368–380 [53, 55]

93–160 [53, 55]

545–602 [53, 55]

0.71 [53, 55]

2890 [53, 55]

Okra fruit

1.7 [53, 55]

0.2 [53, 55]

0.7 [53, 55]

3.2- 4.1 [53, 55]

4.2–4.3 [53, 55]

86.6–89.1 [53, 55]

0.80 [53, 55]

84- 87 [53, 55]

13–59 [53, 55]

303–382 [53, 55]

0.550.60 [53, 55]

313–515 [53, 55]

Okra leaf

2.5–2.7 [53, 55]

0.3–0.6 [53, 55]

1.6–1.7 [53, 55]

4.9 [53, 55]

4.4–5.1 [53, 55]

85.2–89.8 [55]

0.60 [53, 55]

297–303 [53, 55]

38–77 [53, 55]

199–297 [53, 55]

0.46–0.88 [53, 55]

672–802 [53, 55]

Cocoyam leaf

3.2–4.7 [47, 53, 55]

0.7–3.2 [47, 55]

1.3–1.4 [53, 55]

1.6–10.0 [47, 53, 55]

2.4–6.8 [47, 53, 55]

85.8–90.2 [47, 53, 55]

2.1–14.6 [47, 53, 55]

63–74 [53, 55]

42–64 [53, 55]

418–443 [53, 55]

0.41–0.62 [53, 55]

3570–4510 [53, 55]

Jute mallow

3.9–4.2 [53, 55]

0.30 [53, 55]

2.2–1.8 [53, 55]

2.0–8.3 [53, 55]

3.2–9.1 [53, 55]

82.0–82.90 [53, 55]

4.2–7.2 [53, 55]

282–360 [53, 55]

58–77 [55]

273–437 [53, 55]

0.44–0.76 [53, 55]

3130–3500 [53, 55]

Kenaf

2.8 [53]

0.6 [53]

1.3 [53]

4.6 [53]

5.2 [53]

85.5 [53]

7.7 [53]

145 [53]

83 [53]

260 [53]

0.65 [53]

5280 [53]

Cowpea leaf

4.4–4.6 [53, 55]

0.3 [53, 55]

1.6 [53, 55]

3.6–4.9 [53, 55]

1.7–3.3 [53, 55]

86.6–87.1 [53, 55]

4.9–5.1 [53, 55]

258–265 [53, 55]

55–60 [53, 55]

475 [53, 55]

0.50–0.56 [53, 55]

1800–2440 [53, 55]

Sweet potato leaf

4.4–27.5 [55, 57]

0.2–2.23 [55, 57]

1.8–2.0 [53, 55]

2.3–5.3 [53, 55]

4.9–6.7 [53, 55]

80.2–88.2 [53, 56, 57]

3.6 [53, 55]

37–78 [53, 55]

61–70 [53, 55]

522–569 [53, 55]

0.29 [53, 55]

1710–5870 [53, 55]

Luffa fruits

0.46 [58]

0.10 [58]

0.26 [58]

3.3 [59]

3.86 [58]

94.6 [58]

34.1 [58]

99.78 [58]

27.38 [58]

160 [59]

9.52 [58]

NA

Bitter leaf

4.4–5.0 [53, 55]

0.6–0.9 [53, 55]

1.6–2.0 [53, 55]

5.1 [53, 55]

5.5–6.7 [53, 55]

80.3–82.8 [53, 55]

2.1–2.8 [53, 55]

162–170 [53, 55]

58–95 [53, 55]

437–594 [53, 55]

1.01–1.88 [53, 55]

2900 [53, 55]

African eggplant fruit

1.10 [53, 55]

0.2–0.30 [53, 55]

0.6–0.70 [53, 55]

2.6–4.0 [53, 55]

4.0–4.6 [53, 55]

90.0–90.9 [53]

0.9–1.4 [53, 55]

13–14 [53, 55]

8–12 [53, 55]

264–295 [55]

0.14–0.28 [53, 55]

30–47 [53, 55]

African eggplant leaf

4.4 [53, 55]

0.7–0.8 [53, 55]

1.7 [53]

1.9–4.2 [53, 55]

3.7–4.2 [53, 55]

85.3–87.1 [53, 55]

3.2–4.3 [53, 55]

332 [53, 55]

58–81 [53, 55]

437–443 [53, 55]

0.73 [53, 55]

3550–3560 [53, 55]

Turkey berry

1.4–2.3 [60, 61]

0.3–1.8 [60, 61]

0.1–2.5 [60, 61]

0.7–4.0 [60, 61]

7.0–11 [60, 61]

84.4–86.2 [60, 61]

77–78 [60, 61]

67–222 [60, 61]

NA

695 [61]

22 [60]

78–95 [60, 61]

Roselle leaf

2.7–2.8 [53, 55]

0.2–0.3 [53, 55]

1.20 [53, 55]

4.2–5.0 [53, 55]

4.1–4.5 [53, 55]

86.7–87.1 [53, 55]

4.1–5.0 [53, 55]

212 [53, 55]

58–79 [53, 55]

211–437 [53, 55]

0.66–0.90 [53, 55]

2580–2610 [53, 55]

Waterleaf

2.30 [53]

0.70 [53]

1.60 [53]

3.90 [53]

4.30 [53]

87.20 [53]

1.10 [53]

100 [53]

163 [53]

413 [53]

0.84 [53]

3330 [53]

African spider plant

4.8 [53]

0.9 [53]

2.5 [53]

4.3 [53]

1.9 [53]

85.6 [53]

6.9 [53]

268 [53]

92 [53]

478 [53]

0.75 [53]

3190 [53]

Baobab leaf

3.9 [55]

0.4 [55]

2.8 [55]

10.8 [55]

5.4 [55]

76.7 [55]

3.5 [55]

313 [55]

52 [55]

376 [55]

0.90 [55]

2558 [55]

West Indian nettle

3.7 [48]

0.6 [48]

2.1 [48]

6.4 [48]

7.1 [48]

89.0 [48]

1.2 [48]

278 [48]

NA

NA

NA

5035 [48]

Pumpkin leaf

3.7–4.1 [53, 55]

0.2–0.3 [53, 55]

1.9–2.5 [54, 55]

2.3–2.4 [53, 55]

1.3–2.4 [53, 55]

88.6–90.4 [53, 55]

2.20 [53, 55]

39–383 [53, 55]

38–142 [53, 55]

468–500 [53, 55]

0.2–0.9 [54, 55]

1230–1350 [53, 55]

Moringa leaf

6.6–8.4 [47, 53]

1.4- 1.5 [47, 53]

2.4 [53]

8.2–13.5 [47, 53]

4.5 [53]

75.0–75.1 [47, 53]

10.3 [53]

595 [55]

68 [55]

405 [53]

1.20 [53]

19700 [55]